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Samarium-substituted CoFe2O4 nanoferrites: tailoring structural and magnetic properties for data storage and spintronic applications
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DOI：10.1098/rsos.251523.png)
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Abstract
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Samarium-doped nanocrystalline cobalt ferrites with the chemical formula CoFe2-xSmxO4 were synthesized using the sol-gel autocombustion method. The as-prepared samples were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction to confirm the spinel ferrite phase, and the average crystallite size was 10-20 nm. X-ray peak profile analysis models revealed that a gradual decrease in the induced microstrain led to a small crystallite size with Sm3+ ions. The characteristic vibrational band of the CoFe2-xSmxO4 samples observed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy at 548.5 cm-1 confirmed the inverse spinel structure. The theoretical approach for UV-visible spectrophotometry data indicates the semiconductor characteristics. Micrographs of the sintered samples were obtained using a field-emission scanning electron microscope, and quantitative analysis was performed using an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer. The vibrating sample magnetometer at room temperature revealed a gradual decrease in the magnetic anisotropy constant (K) (4.82 & times; 104-2.0 & times; 104 J m-3), retentivity (Mr) (13.91-4.61 electromagnetic units (emu) g-1), squareness ratio (SQR) (0.29-0.18), saturation magnetization (Ms) (46.76-24.83 emu g-1) and the coercivity (Hc) (1012-789 oersted (Oe)), revealing a weak A-B interaction observed for the degradation of magnetic energy. Tolerance factor analysis showed well-defined values indicating a mixed-inverse spinel structure, revealing the effects of Sm3+ on the structural, morphological and magnetic properties of cobalt ferrites.
Keywords:
samarium
cobalt ferrites
sol-gel autocombustion
tolerance factor
functional applications
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