Satellite Computing Network Construction: Optimal Computing Node Deployment in Multi-Layer LEO Mega-Constellations

doi:10.1109/TCOMM.2025.3638621

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Satellite Computing Network Construction: Optimal Computing Node Deployment in Multi-Layer LEO Mega-Constellations

2026-01-01

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Li Jiandong (Jiandong Li)

DOI：10.1109/TCOMM.2025.3638621

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Abstract

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Satellite computing networks leverage the placement of computing resources on low-Earth orbit (LEO) satellite communication network to bring computing power closer to users, enabling robust and scalable solutions for emerging applications such as Internet of thing, edge computing and real-time analysis. However, with the explosion of multi-layer LEO mega-constellations (MLMCs), how to use the least number of computing nodes to achieve computing power resource coverage? This paper proposes a computing node deployment algorithm for MLMCs to construct satellite computing network with the minimum number of computing node. Specifically, we analyze the existence conditions of optimal computing node deployment, and derive the expression of the relationship between the number of computing nodes needed on the LEO, the multi-layer satellite network structure and the number of accessible hops of computing nodes. The expression can determine the minimum number of computing nodes needed to be placed on the MLMCs to realize optimal computing node deployment under a certain number of accessible hops. Then, according to the limitation of optimal computing node deployment, a multi-layer satellite network computing node deployment algorithm is proposed to determine the position of the computing resource in MLMCs, which can form a stable computing structure in satellite network. Finally, through simulation, the influence of network scale and computing node deployment on the number of required computing nodes and the effectiveness of signaling delay is analyzed. The simulation results show that this method can achieve better delay with the least number of computing nodes, balance the number of computing nodes and delay, and meet the specific network requirements.

Keywords:

Satellite computing network

multi-layer LEO communication network

mega-constellations

computing node deployment