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SDARAW: Sample Deviation Adjustment-Based Robust Audio Watermarking Framework
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DOI：10.1007/978-981-95-2196-8_23.png)
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Abstract
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This paper presents a new audio watermarking technique for copyright protection using the Fast Walsh-Hadamard Transform (FWHT). The method applies FWHT to the host audio and embeds the watermark by modifying selected coefficients. Specifically, watermark embedding alters pre-selected samples based on a sample deviation adjustment, where the adjustment is determined by the difference between the sample value and the average of its neighboring samples. This deviation modulates the sample value according to the watermark bit, effectively balancing imperceptibility and robustness. The approach achieves enhanced imperceptibility with a Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) ranging from 28 to 32 dB, while demonstrating resilience against standard signal processing operations. Its robustness is evidenced by Normalized Cross-Correlation (NCC) values close to unity under attack-conditions. The technique also features a substantial payload capacity of 204.8 bits per second (bps). This method presents a viable solution for audio digital rights management, showing promise across diverse multimedia security applications and offering content creators and distributors an essential tool for protecting their intellectual property.
Keywords:
FWHT
Imperceptibility
Digitization
Multimedia security
Audio watermarking
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