Self-healing polymers

Wang, Siyang

doi:10.1038/s41578-020-0202-4

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Self-healing polymers

2020-06-05

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Wang, Siyang

Marek W. Urban *

DOI：10.1038/s41578-020-0202-4

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Abstract

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Self-healable polymers are materials that recover after physical damage. In this Review, we discuss the physical and chemical approaches to make self-healing polymers, with a focus on similarities with biological systems. Self-healing is the capability of a material to recover from physical damage. Both physical and chemical approaches have been used to construct self-healing polymers. These include diffusion and flow, shape-memory effects, heterogeneous self-healing systems, covalent-bond reformation and reshuffling, dynamics of supramolecular chemistry or combinations thereof. In this Review, we discuss the similarities and differences between approaches to achieve self-healing in synthetic polymers, where possible placing this discussion in the context of biological systems. In particular, we highlight the role of thermal transitions, network heterogeneities, localized chemical reactions enabling the reconstruction of damage and physical reshuffling. We also discuss energetic and length-scale considerations, as well as scientific and technological challenges and opportunities.

Keywords:

SILICON MICROPARTICLE ANODES

DOUBLE-NETWORK HYDROGELS

DYNAMIC BORONIC ESTER

ACID-BASED HYDROGELS

DIELS-ALDER

SHAPE-MEMORY

CROSS-LINKING

SUPRAMOLECULAR POLYMERS

MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES

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