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Sensitivity Analysis and Parameterization Scheme Optimization for Soil Vertical Heterogeneity on the Tibetan Plateau Based on the Community Land Model 5.0
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DOI：10.1029/2025MS005305.png)
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Abstract
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Soil vertical heterogeneity significantly influences hydrothermal transport processes in the Tibetan Plateau. This study investigates how soil vertical discretization schemes affect soil texture representation and hydrothermal transport in CLM5.0 (Community Land Model) through three sensitivity experiments: a coarse scheme, the default scheme, and a fine scheme. Building on fine scheme, we then develop a new parameterization scheme that incorporates vertical heterogeneity effects into inter-layer hydraulic and thermal conductivity averaging methods. Results show that fine scheme more accurately captures vertical soil texture distribution, substantially improving thermal transport simulations during thawing processes. Site-level validation demonstrates that CLM5.0 with the new scheme significantly improves soil temperature and moisture simulation accuracy in deep layers and during thawing periods. Regional validation across the Tibetan Plateau shows substantial improvement in soil moisture agreement at 1-m depth with observation, except in northern plateau regions. This study highlights the critical importance of refined vertical discretization and heterogeneity-based conductivity averaging in land surface models, providing new perspectives for advancing soil process representation in future model development.
Keywords:
land surface model
soil heterogeneity
soil freeze thaw
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