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Service Quality and the Moral Economics of Giving: Evidence from Tipping and Islamic Charity in Restaurants
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DOI：10.1080/1528008X.2025.2602778.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study examines the interplay between tipping and religious charitable giving – Zakat, Sadaqat, and Waqf within the hospitality context. By using 1361 cross-sectional data collected in restaurants from January to April 2023, the study employs a multivariate modeling strategy to draw its conclusions. The study finds that prosocial behaviors like tipping (70.8%) and Islamic charity (Zakat: 93.6%; Sadaqat: 71.6%; Waqf: 82.7%) are widespread and shaped by financial capacity, employment, and religious identity more than empathy or social status. Good service quality and income levels predict tipping, supporting the norm of reciprocity, while Islamic charity reflects deeper institutional and moral commitments rather than emotional triggers. This study offers actionable insights for both hospitality managers and policymakers. For hospitality managers, it highlights strategies such as customer engagement, loyalty programs, and staff training that leverage predictors of generosity to boost tipping, enhance satisfaction, and build social trust. For policymakers, it underscores the importance of integrated giving initiatives that link tipping and Islamic charity, particularly for low-income groups, through collaborations with religious leaders and faith-based practices. These measures can expand social protection and foster inclusive community development. While the study offers valuable insights, it is limited by its cross-sectional design and reliance on self-reports. Overall, this study advances theoretical and practical knowledge on how economic, social, and spiritual factors jointly influence generosity in service economies.
Keywords:
Tipping
sadaqat
zakat
wadf
social norms
giving and hospitality
multivariate analysis
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