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Situation models and aging
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DOI：10.1037//0882-7974.16.1.145.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Younger and older adults were tested for their ability to process and retrieve information from texts. The authors focused on the construction and retrieval of situation models relative to other types of text representations. The results showed that during memory retrieval, younger adults showed superior memory for surface form and textbase knowledge (what the text was), whereas older adults had equivalent or superior memory for situation model information (,,khat the text was about). The results also showed that during reading, older and younger adults were similar in their sensitivity to various aspects of the texts, Overall, these findings suggest that although there are age-related declines in the processing and memory for text-based information, for higher level representations, these abilities appear to be preserved, Several possibilities for why this is the case are discussed, including an in-depth consideration of one possibility that involves W. Kintsch's (1988) construction-integration model.
Keywords:
QUALITATIVE AGE-DIFFERENCES
OLDER ADULTS
TEXT COMPREHENSION
MENTAL MODELS
LIFE-SPAN
NARRATIVE COMPREHENSION
LANGUAGE COMPREHENSION
RECOGNITION MEMORY
WORKING-MEMORY
YOUNGER
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