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“Sleep Duration and Metabolic Syndrome in U.S. Adults: Evidence of a U-Shaped Association From NHANES 2005–2020”
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DOI：10.1177/08901171261472674.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Purpose</jats:title>
<jats:p>To examine the association between sleep duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS) prevalence in U.S. adults.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Design</jats:title>
<jats:p>Cross-sectional analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Setting</jats:title>
<jats:p>United States.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Sample</jats:title>
<jats:p>14 982 adults (≥18 years) from 7 NHANES cycles (2005-2020) with complete data on sleep, MetS components, and covariates.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Measures</jats:title>
<jats:p>Self-reported sleep duration (short: <7 h, normal: 7-9 h, long: >9 h). MetS was defined by NCEP ATP III criteria. Covariates included age, sex, race/ethnicity, sedentary time, and smoking.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Analysis</jats:title>
<jats:p>Survey-weighted logistic regression modeled sleep as continuous linear and quadratic terms. Sensitivity analyses included restricted cubic splines and component-wise assessment.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Results</jats:title>
<jats:p>
A U-shaped association was observed between sleep duration and MetS. Compared with normal sleep, both short (<7 h) and long (>9 h) sleep were associated with higher odds of MetS in fully adjusted models. Linear (OR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.56-0.82) and quadratic (OR = 1.03, 95% CI: 1.01-1.04) terms confirmed nonlinearity (
<jats:italic toggle="yes">P</jats:italic>
< 0.001). The model-derived sleep duration associated with the lowest predicted odds of MetS was 7.52 h/night (95% CI: 6.81-8.24 h). Age, sedentary time, and smoking independently increased MetS risk. The U-shaped pattern persisted across most individual MetS components and was supported by spline analyses.
</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
<jats:sec>
<jats:title>Conclusion</jats:title>
<jats:p>Both short and long sleep durations were significantly associated with higher odds of metabolic syndrome, highlighting sleep duration as a potential indicator for cardiometabolic risk screening.</jats:p>
</jats:sec>
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