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Sodium-compensating electrolyte additive stabilizes interfaces for highly reversible anode-free sodium batteries
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DOI:10.1039/D5EE04804D.png)
Abstract
En 中文
Anode-free sodium batteries (AFSBs) offer superior cost; energy density; and manufacturing advantages over sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) by eliminating the conventional anode. However; their development is fundamentally hindered by dead sodium formation and interfacial side reactions that severely limit cycle life. To address these issues; for the first time; we report sodium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide (NaHMDS) as a non-invasive; gas-free electrolyte additive for sodium compensation; which operates at a low compensation potential of 2.82 V (vs. Na + /Na). This multifunctional additive enables Ah-level AFSB pouch cells to retain 89.6% capacity after 500 cycles at 1C rate by compensating active sodium loss; stabilizing electrode interphases; and improving sodium stripping/plating reversibility. In contrast; the sodium-compensating additives sodium thiocyanate (NaSCN) and NaNO 2 induce irreversible side reactions; electrode degradation; and dendrite growth while failing to provide effective sodium compensation for AFSBs. This work presents a promising sodium-compensating additive with commercial viability; redefining AFSB additive design principles by prioritizing interfacial stability over conventional metrics such as compensation capacity and potential.
Journal
IF:
30.8
Papers:
6.9K
Citations:
12.4W
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