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Solid-State Microwave Magnetometer with Picotesla-Level Sensitivity
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DOI：10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.054095.png)
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Abstract
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Quantum sensing of low-frequency magnetic fields using nitrogen-vacancy- (N -V) center ensembles has been demonstrated in multiple experiments with sensitivities as low as approximately 1 pT/i/Hz. To date, however, demonstrations of high-frequency magnetometry in the gigahertz regime with N -V dia-mond are orders of magnitude less sensitive, above the nT/i/Hz level. Here, we adapt, for microwave frequencies, techniques that have enabled high-performance low-frequency quantum sensors. Using a custom-grown N-V-enriched diamond combined with a noise-cancellation scheme designed for high -frequency sensing, we demonstrate a Rabi-sequence-based magnetometer able to detect microwave fields near 2.87 GHz with a record sensitivity of 3.4 pT/i/Hz. We demonstrate both amplitude and phase sens-ing and project tunability over a 300-MHz frequency range. This result increases the viability of N -V ensembles to serve as microwave circuitry imagers and near-field probes of antennas.
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COLOR-CENTER
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