Source-dependent pyrolysis temperature optimization for sewage sludge biochar: balancing nutrient retention and heavy metal passivation

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115785

Source-dependent pyrolysis temperature optimization for sewage sludge biochar: balancing nutrient retention and heavy metal passivation

2026-08-03

0

PRE

AI

L

Lishan Shu

Y

Yu Liu

P

Pengcheng Jiang

C

Canghaisu Wang

S

Sheng Li

X

Xiaowei Liu

H

Huabo Gong

Z

Zhongkang Yang *

DOI：10.1016/j.wasman.2026.115785

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Abstract

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• Source-dependent pyrolysis balances nutrient retention and heavy metal passivation. • Industrial sludge at 550–650°C boosts nutrients 77–82% and stabilizes metals. • Domestic sludge at ≤ 450°C retains nitrogen (<50% loss) with low metal leaching. • Pyrolysis reduces ecological risk (RI > 50%) and metal leaching by 50–97%.

Keywords:

Sludge biochar

Pyrolysis temperature

Heavy metal passivation

Nutrient recovery

Ecological risk

Resource utilization

Source-dependent pyrolysis temperature optimization for sewage sludge biochar: balancing nutrient retention and heavy metal passivation

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