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Spectacular Saga: Phylogenetics and phylogeography of the Indian spectacled cobra (Naja naja Linnaeus, 1758)
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DOI:10.1016/j.ympev.2026.108654.png)
Abstract
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• Multi-locus phylogenetic analyses using nine markers show limited phylogeographic structuring in mainland Indian Naja naja. • Mitochondrial haplotype networks indicate extensive haplotype sharing across the mainland, suggesting a largely panmictic population. • Sri Lankan Naja naja constitutes a distinct mitochondrial lineage, genetically and geographically isolated from mainland populations. • Divergence dating places the split between Sri Lankan and Indian lineages in the late Pliocene–early Pleistocene (∼2 MYA), likely influenced by sea-level fluctuations. • Ancestral range reconstructions point to an African origin for the genus Naja, with subsequent dispersal of Naja naja into India and South Asia.
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