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Stacking sequence sensitivity and size effects in open-hole CFRP laminates under combined compression–shear loading
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DOI：10.1016/j.compositesb.2026.114026.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The strength and size effects of open-hole carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) laminates under combined compression–shear loading are critical to aerospace design, yet remain largely unexplored compared to uniaxial loading. This study presents a combined experimental–numerical investigation of the in-plane scaling effect in open-hole quasi-isotropic (QI) CFRP laminates under compression–shear loading. Experiments are performed on two specimen sizes (6.4 and 9.6mm hole diameter, constant w/d=4 ) of a blocked-ply QI-I laminate ( [−452/452/902/02/−45/45/90/0]s ) using an in-house combined compression–shear modified Arcan (CCSMA) fixture with 3D digital image correlation. A mesoscale finite element model integrating LaRC05 intralaminar criteria with cohesive zone modeling is validated against these experiments, predicting peak strength within 10%, and is then used to explore the width-to-diameter ( w/d ) ratio and stacking sequence. Under pure compression, open-hole strength is governed by localized fiber kinking and is size-insensitive (0.5% difference between diameters); under compression–shear, strength becomes size-dependent, the QI-9.6 specimen showing 6.9% lower strength than QI-6.4 at α=45° . The model predicts strength increasing by up to 52% as w/d rises from 2 to 6 at α=60° , and that the dispersed-ply QI-II laminate is more size-sensitive (10.4% reduction) than QI-I. This scaling is driven by competition between fiber kinking and ligament-spanning delamination, underscoring the need for failure-mode-dependent scaling factors in multi-axial design.
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