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State Engineering for Quantum Networks
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DOI：10.1109/mnet.2026.3653313.png)
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Abstract
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Next-generation networks will see the coexistence of classical and quantum systems to unlock unprecedented sensing and communication capabilities. Unleashing the full potential of such networks requires engineering the employed quantum states accounting for a variety of aspects across theoretical, physical, and application layers. Typically, quantum state engineering is carried out considering Gaussian states and tackling theoretical, physical, and application challenges separately. This hinders the development of holistic engineering methodologies and prevents quantum advantages from being fully unleashed. This paper presents a holistic view of state engineering for the development of quantum sensing and communication systems utilizing non-Gaussian states for quantum network applications. First, we review foundational concepts underpinning quantum state engineering and focus on a broad class of non-Gaussian states, namely the photon-varied Gaussian states (PVGSs). Then, we discuss key properties exhibited by PVGSs and propose their use in quantum systems, paying particular focus to those relying on sensing and communication tasks. Finally, we examine key theoretical, physical, and application aspects for holistically engineering PVGSs and show that they can outperform Gaussian states in various quantum network applications.
Keywords:
Optical fibers
Optical waveguides
Oscillators
Thermal noise
Circuit noise
Quantum circuit
Communication systems
Next generation networking
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