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Stress-relieved asymmetric splicing of identical-dimension heterogeneous fibers for power-scalable mid-infrared all-fiber lasers
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DOI：10.1016/j.optlastec.2026.116133.png)
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Abstract
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To overcome the formidable challenges of splicing silica and fluoride fibers with identical cladding diameters, this study proposes an asymmetric thermal splicing method integrated with a thermal diffusion technique for interfacial stress relief. A comprehensive multiphysics model—incorporating heat transfer, molten pool dynamics, the Marangoni effect, solid-liquid phase transitions, and structural mechanics—was established to identify optimal processing parameters and visualize the dynamic evolution of the splice interface. The model visually demonstrates the dynamic evolution of the splice point and reveals the variations in temperature and stress at the splice point with heating power and processing time during thermal diffusion. Based on the simulation results, a low-loss (0.23 dB) and high tensile strength (550 g) splice was experimentally achieved between a 15/250 μm silica fiber and a 16.5/240*260 μm 1 mol.% Er3+:ZBLAN fiber. Furthermore, a 3.8 μm laser system based on different pump silica fibers was constructed, which increased the laser output power from 2.6 W to 5.9 W, thus demonstrating the superiority of splicing identical-dimension heterogeneous fibers in all-fiber laser systems.
Keywords:
Mid-infrared
Asymmetric splicing
Identical-dimension heterogeneous fibers
All-fiber laser
Stress relief
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