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Structural and functional responses of root endophytic bacterial communities to fungal perturbations across three fairy ring types on the Tibetan Plateau
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DOI：10.1016/j.gecco.2026.e04301.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Fairy rings (FRs) significantly alter rhizosphere microbial communities, yet root endophytic bacterial responses to such perturbations remain poorly understood. This study aims to systematically investigate the endophytic bacterial structure and function in Kobresia humilis (Schlechter) roots across three fairy ring types—T1 (injurious, Agrocybe sp.), T2 (promoting, Agaricus campestris L.), and T3 (neutral, Clitocybe sp.)—on the Tibetan Plateau. We analyzed the root endosphere of K. humilis across the distinct FR zones. Co-occurrence network and functional predictions were employed to evaluate the type-specific and spatially heterogeneous responses of endophytic bacteria to different fairy ring-induced soil perturbations. Proteobacteria and Cyanobacteria served as a resilient core, ensuring host physiological continuity through metabolic plasticity and immune-evasive traits. In growth-promoting T2 fairy rings, the response is centralized in the ON zone, driven by total phosphorus (TP) enrichment. This zone features an integrated network (density: 0.09; average degree: 53.82) and functional enrichment in signal transduction and membrane transport (1,863 upregulated KOs) facilitating nutrient acquisition. Conversely, injurious T1 fairy rings exhibit a core response in the IN zone related to total soil carbon (TC) depletion. This region utilizes an ultra-complex network (1,016 nodes; 21,147 connections) and carbohydrate metabolic compensation (925 upregulated KOs) as a mechanism to sustain energy supply under carbon-limited conditions. Finally, T3 fairy rings display structural and functional stability due to minimal perturbation. The endosphere maintains robust structural homeostasis under intense fairy ring disturbances. These findings identify T2-derived taxa as potential bio-inoculants for plant growth promotion, while establishing T1-specific network complexity as a sensitive bio-indicator for soil degradation in alpine ecosystems.
Keywords:
fairy rings
Root endophytic bacteria
Tibetan Plateau
Co-occurrence network
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