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Study on emergency evacuation guidance in the subway station hall
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DOI：10.1016/j.jnlssr.2025.100216.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
In recent years, with continued urbanization, subway stations with complex structures have developed rapidly, posing serious challenges to daily crowd management and emergency evacuation safety. A social force-based evacuation guidance model was developed to simulate the process of pedestrian evacuation at the concourse level of a subway station in Shenyang by combining questionnaires and field surveys. The objective was to explore the impact of various factors—such as the viewing distance, guidance number, guidance location, and proportion of pedestrians accepting the guiding information—on evacuation efficiency in subway station halls with multiple exits. The results showed that static leaders reduced the evacuation time, especially in situations with a limited field of view. Compared with the “no guidance” case, the evacuation time was shortened by approximately 20.16% and 9% when the viewing distances were 2 and 6 m, respectively. Moreover, a small number of static leaders could effectively guide the crowd to evacuate the subway station hall, demonstrating the positive role of guidance in emergency evacuations. Considering the actual situation and human cost, it was reasonable to have eight static leaders in the subway station hall, which reduced the evacuation time by approximately 40.47% compared to the situation without guidance. Influenced by the viewing distance, scene layout, and pedestrian density, when static leaders were distributed at the exits, evacuation improved. Moreover, the higher the percentage of pedestrians accepting the guidance information, the better the evacuation performance. This study provides scientific support for guidance arrangements in the daily management and emergency evacuation of subway stations.
Keywords:
Static guidance
Subway station hall
Crowd evacuation
Evacuation time
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