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Study on the status of secondary prevention and risk factors for readmission in 2,896 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
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DOI：10.1186/s40001-026-04630-3.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This multicenter observational analysis, based on prospectively collected data from a 1-year disease-management cohort, assessed secondary prevention status at enrollment and 1-year unplanned readmission among 2,896 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China. Patients included 1,061 with stable angina (CAD), 427 with myocardial infarction (MI), 1,141 with cerebral infarction (CI), and 267 with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), recruited from three regions between August 2020 and March 2021. Data on demographics, Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) syndromes, and medications were analyzed. Logistic regression was used to examine factors associated with blood pressure, lipid, and glucose target achievement, as well as 1-year readmission. Among 2,698 patients with available target-control data, the blood pressure target-achievement rate was 45.4%, the lipid target-achievement rate was 71.9%, and the blood glucose target-achievement rate was 62.9%. TCM syndromes differed significantly between disease types (P < 0.05). Alcohol use was independently associated with blood pressure target achievement (OR = 1.53, 95% CI [1.10–2.13], P = 0.011). Elevated systolic blood pressure (OR = 1.02, 95% CI [1.01–1.03], P = 0.026), elevated diastolic blood pressure (OR = 1.03, 95% CI [1.01–1.05], P = 0.048), and severe anxiety (OR = 3.69, 95% CI [1.15–11.82], P = 0.028) were independently associated with lipid target achievement. High triglycerides were independently associated with glucose target achievement (OR = 1.39, 95% CI [1.15–1.68], P < 0.001). Achieving glucose targets was associated with lower odds of 1-year readmission (OR = 0.72, 95% CI [0.56–0.93], P = 0.011), whereas age ≥ 65 years (OR = 1.32, 95% CI [1.04–1.68], P = 0.025), mild depression (OR = 1.39, 95% CI [1.07–1.80], P = 0.014), and severe anxiety (OR = 1.82, 95% CI [1.24–2.66], P = 0.002) were associated with higher odds of 1-year readmission. The overall target-achievement rates for blood pressure, lipid, and blood glucose among the 2,896 patients with cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases were low. Secondary prevention target achievement remained suboptimal and varied across regions of China. These findings highlight the need for more region-specific secondary prevention strategies and for greater attention to metabolic and psychosocial factors in long-term disease management. Trial registration: This report is a secondary observational analysis of a prospectively registered parent disease-management cohort. The registration refers to the parent cohort rather than to an interventional trial specific to the present analysis. URL: http://www.chictr.org.cn/. Unique Identifier: ChiCTR2000032243. Registration Date: 24/04/2020.
Keywords:
Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases
Coronary heart disease
Stable angina
Myocardial infarction
Cerebral infarction
Intracerebral hemorrhage
Secondary prevention
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