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Surges generated by water export from an impounded channel
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DOI：10.1016/j.oceaneng.2025.121160.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
This study combines physical experiments and Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) simulations to quantify hydrodynamic characteristics of negative and undular surges in an impounded channel. For negative surges in shallow-water conditions, unidirectional wave attenuation demonstrates quantitative agreement with the IppenKulin model predictions. Systematic analysis reveals a cubic decay factor-relative wave height relationship when wave steepness exceeded 0.004, expanding previous formulations through inclusion of wave steepness effects. Damping dynamics exhibited negligible dependence on still water depth during oscillatory cycles. For undular surges, empirical correlations quantified propagating wave parameter variability, while vertical velocity profiles displayed linear stratification across the water column, validating Boussinesq's hypothesis. A depth-independent initiation threshold (1.12 <= d1s/dn <= 1.24) was identified, where d1s = water depth at the first hydraulic jump and dn = surge toe depth, decoupled from boundary-layer development at the surge front. These findings contributes to a better understanding of these complex hydrodynamic phenomena.
Keywords:
Negative surges
Undular surges
Wave damping
Wave longevity
Wave nonlinearity
Navigation channel
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