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Synthesis of samarium-MOFs and their application for photocatalytic hydrogen production with Box-Behnken response surface methodology for performance optimization
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DOI：10.1016/j.vacuum.2026.115581.png)
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Abstract
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This research focuses on the synthesis and characterization of MOFs built upon a lanthanide group metal, Samarium (Sm), with a perylene ligand using the solvothermal method with variations in synthesis time, as well as to optimize the reaction time, methanol volume, and photocatalyst weight on the performance of Sm-MOFs with a perylene ligand as photocatalysts for hydrogen gas production. The synthesis results of Sm-MOFs showed a red-colored MOF with an optimum synthesis time of 72 h at 100 °C. FTIR characterization of the MOFs revealed the presence of Ln-O bonds in the wavenumber range of 470–400 cm−1. According to XRD results, the MOFs exhibit high crystallinity. The obtained band gap energies ranged from 2.03 to 2.06 eV at maximum wavelengths of 611–602 nm. The amount of hydrogen gas produced was 10.1545 mol (optimized at 10 mg of photocatalyst, 5 mL of methanol, and 120 min).
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