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Türkiye’s position in socio-economic inequalities in adult obesity: a gender-specific and regional assessment
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DOI：10.1017/S1368980026102031.png)
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Abstract
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Objective:This study aims to determine the current status of the obesity epidemic in Türkiye from a global perspective by examining gender-specific socio-economic inequalities at national and regional socio-economic development (SED) levels.Design:A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2022 Türkiye Health Survey; employing weighted binary logistic regression models; age-standardised prevalence estimates for national obesity prevalence and model-based age-adjusted prevalence estimates for regional comparisons; with analyses stratified by sex.Setting:Türkiye.Participants:Data included 20 725 nationally representative adults aged 20 years and older (10 808 women and 9917 men).Results:The national age-standardised obesity prevalence was substantially higher (OR: 1·558; 95 % CI: 1·556; 1·560) in women (28·0 %) than men (18·4 %). In low-SED regions; the gender disparity (women 28·4 %; men 17·9 %) was larger. Higher education was consistently associated with lower obesity risk; more pronounced in women and low-SED regions. The income–obesity relationship was complex. An inverted U-shaped pattern across income quintiles was observed among men in high regional SED and among women both nationwide and across all levels of regional SED.Conclusions:As of 2022; Türkiye maintains a high obesity prevalence reflecting socio-economic patterns typical of developing countries experiencing nutritional transition. The epidemic stage varies by regional SED; emphasising the necessity for prevention strategies designed with a focus on socio-economic determinants; regional and gender sensitivity.
Keywords:
Socio-economic inequalities
Obesity
Education
Income
Regional comparison
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