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Technology pathways for energy- and water-efficient controlled environment agriculture: A review of technologies, implementation pathways, and regional use cases
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DOI:10.1016/j.seta.2026.105136.png)
Abstract
En 中文
• A holistic review of key technologies for sustainable CEA operation. • Siting framework integrates climate, infrastructure, and policy conditions. • Ten pathways and regional analysis guide climate-specific technology adoption. • Energy reductions up to 55 % and emissions cuts up to 100 % are achievable. • Water savings of 20–40 % are enabled by advanced treatment systems.
Keywords:
Controlled environment agriculture
Technology implementation pathways
Sustainable agriculture
Energy and water efficiency
Indoor farming
CapEx
,
Capital Expenditures
CEA
,
Controlled Environment Agriculture
CHP
,
Combined Heat and Power
CO2
,
Carbon Dioxide
DAC
,
Direct Air Capture
DLI
,
Daily Light Integral
DOE
,
Department of Energy
ECA
,
Electrochemically Activated
ECS
,
Environmental Control Systems
FFL
,
Feed-Forward Logic
GHG
,
Greenhouse Gas
HPS
,
High-Pressure Sodium
HVAC
,
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning
IR
,
Infrared
ISO
,
International Organization for Standardization
kWh
,
Kilowatt-hour
LED
,
Light Emitting Diode
MPC
,
Model Predictive Control
NLP
,
Natural Language Processing
nm
,
Nanometer
OpEx
,
Operational Expenditures
PAR
,
Photosynthetically Active Radiation
PF
,
Plant Factory
ppm
,
Parts per Million
PV
,
Photovoltaic
SI
,
Supplementary Information
USDA
,
United States Department of Agriculture
UV
,
Ultraviolet
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