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The association between metabolic syndrome and incidence of endometrial cancer: a meta-analysis
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DOI：10.1186/s13098-025-01964-6.png)
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Abstract
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Metabolic syndrome (MetS), a cluster of metabolic abnormalities, has been increasingly linked to hormone-related cancers, including endometrial cancer (EC). However, the overall magnitude and consistency of this association remain unclear. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate whether MetS is associated with an increased incidence of EC in women. PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science were systematically searched from inception to June 8, 2025. Eligible studies were longitudinal cohort or nested case-control studies that reported the association between baseline MetS and incident EC in the general female population. Risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using a random-effects model accounting for possible influence of heterogeneity. Nine studies involving 11 datasets and over 9.1 million women were included. MetS was associated with a significantly increased risk of EC (pooled RR = 2.00, 95% CI: 1.67–2.40, p < 0.00001; I² = 93%). The association was stronger in prospective cohort and nested case-control studies (RR = 2.30 and 2.02, respectively) than in retrospective cohort studies (RR = 1.42; p for subgroup difference < 0.001). The results were not significantly affected by menopausal status of the women, diagnostic criteria of MetS, follow-up durations, EC validation methods, or study quality scores (p-values for subgroup difference all > 0.05). MetS is associated with a two-fold increased risk of EC in women. These findings underscore the importance of metabolic health management in strategies for EC prevention.
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