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The dual role of lectins in cancer—immunotherapy tools and therapeutic targets
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DOI：10.1002/1873-3468.70406.png)
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Abstract
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Altered glycosylation is a hallmark of cancer that shapes immune recognition within the tumor microenvironment. Lectins—glycan-binding proteins—play a dual role in this process: they interpret tumor-associated glycan patterns and can also be exploited as therapeutic tools. In this review, we discuss emerging strategies that harness lectins in cancer immunotherapy. Engineered lectin-based constructs, including antibody–lectin chimeras, lectin–drug conjugates, and glycan-targeting CAR-T cells, enable recognition of tumor-specific glycosylation signatures. At the same time, endogenous lectin pathways such as the galectin-polyLacNAc and sialic acid-Siglec axes function as glyco-immune checkpoints that suppress anti-tumor responses and represent promising therapeutic targets. Understanding how lectins regulate tumor–immune interactions may guide the development of next-generation immunotherapies integrating antigen recognition with glycan sensing.
Keywords:
cancer immunotherapy
CAR-T cells
galectins
glycan-binding proteins
glycan-targeted therapy
glyco-immune checkpoints
lectins
Siglecs
tumor glycosylation
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