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The energy-aware nesting and scheduling problem on a single selective laser melting machine: mathematical model and solution approach
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DOI：10.1080/00207543.2025.2557013.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Reducing energy consumption in additive manufacturing is critical due to its extensive industrial applications. Strategies to enhance energy efficiency include maximising batch utilisation, minimising thez-height of the build, and optimising part orientation. However, achieving these optimisations when printing a variety of parts in a single build or across different builds involves complex decisions and trade-offs. This study focuses on assessing the energy-saving potential of a selective laser melting (SLM) machine through the integrated use of these strategies. We formulate the problem as a nesting and scheduling challenge aimed at minimising total machine energy consumption. A mixed-integer linear programming model is developed to determine optimal build orientation selection, part-to-batch assignment, and part placement. To handle larger-scale problems, we propose a matheuristic approach based on the variable neighbourhood search framework and fix-and-optimise heuristic. Through numerical experiments, we demonstrate the energy-saving benefits of optimising the nesting and scheduling decisions on a single SLM machine. Furthermore, the efficiency of our proposed solution approach is validated through comparisons with an off-the-shelf solver, several constructive heuristics, two simplified variants of the proposed approach, and a metaheuristic proposed in the literature. Finally, we derive managerial insights to support energy-efficient decision-making in SLM machines.
Keywords:
Additive manufacturing
selective laser melting
energy saving
nesting and scheduling
two-dimensional bin packing
matheuristic
Journal
IF:
7.3
Papers:
1.1W
Citations:
3.7W