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The first mile
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DOI：10.1080/01972240050032915.png)
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Abstract
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This article argues that the current universal service policies fail to appreciate first-mile issues, that is, how connectivity looks, feet, and behaves from the subscriber's perspective. For individuals and households, connectivity is not just merely a stretch of wire but an important connection that takes them out to a broader world, encapsulating network interface devices, the software, and training, as well as incentives to create content and contribute to the community. Universal service should represent the sum total of the capabilities that extend users into the networked nation, rather than just a last-mile collection of vendor-related concerns and constraints.
Keywords:
E-rate plan
last mile
local loop
universal service
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