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The impact of novel BET inhibitors on the treatment armamentarium of myelofibrosis
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DOI：10.1080/13543784.2026.2677662.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Myelofibrosis (MF) is a clonal myeloproliferative neoplasm driven by dysregulated JAK–STAT signaling and epigenetic alterations, characterized by chronic inflammation, marrow fibrosis, and limited disease-modifying treatment options. Bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) proteins regulate transcriptional programs implicated in MF pathogenesis, making BET inhibition a rational therapeutic strategy.
This review discusses the biological rationale for BET inhibition in MF and critically appraises clinical development from January 2015 to November 2025. We summarize preclinical evidence and clinical trial data of BET inhibitors, including pelabresib, INCB057643, BMS-986158, and other investigational agents, both as monotherapy and in combination with JAK inhibitors. The literature search included international clinical trial registries (ICTRP, Clinical trial.gov), databases, conference abstracts, and peer-reviewed publications, focusing on efficacy, safety, and potential disease-modifying effects.
BET inhibitors represent a promising investigational class with the potential to complement JAK inhibition by targeting inflammatory, fibrotic, and proliferative pathways. Pelabresib has demonstrated clinically meaningful activity in phase 2–3 trials, supporting its potential role in first-line combination therapy. However, hematologic toxicities, durability of responses, and the impact on survival and leukemic transformation remain unresolved. Biomarker-driven patient selection and rational combination strategies will be essential to optimize the clinical integration of BET inhibitors in MF.
Keywords:
Myelofibrosis
BET inhibitors
pelabresib
epigenetic therapy
JAK inhibition
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