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The Impact of the MJO on Climate in Hawai'i
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DOI：10.1175/JHM-D-25-0054.1.png)
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Abstract
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Among the most remote places on Earth, the Hawaiian Islands rely heavily on local water resources. Therefore, a deep understanding of rainfall variability is critical to ensure the habitability and sustainability of life on the archipelago. While climate variability has been studied at interannual and interdecadal scales, less is known at shorter scales. Here, we investigate the impact of the Madden-Julian oscillation (MJO) on rainfall in Hawai'i by leveraging data from various sources, utilizing a newly released high-resolution precipitation dataset. Our results indicate that rainfall increases significantly during MJO active phases, especially on the islands' windward sides, while suppressed phases lead to drier conditions. Other climatic variables are also affected by the MJO, with active phases characterized by cooler temperatures, higher humidity, and stronger winds from a predominantly northeasterly direction. These impacts appear linked to the Rossby waves generated by the MJO propagating in the central North Pacific and to a strengthening of the local Hadley circulation during active MJO phases. These findings offer meaningful insights that may benefit stakeholders across the state by improving understanding of short-term climate variability.
Keywords:
Madden-Julian oscillation
Climate
Tropical variability
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