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The interaction between sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and emotional status with subjective cognitive decline among rural older adults: a cross-sectional study
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DOI：10.3389/fnut.2026.1879896.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
ObjectivesThis study explored the interactive and joint effects of Sugar-Sweetened Beverage (SSB) consumption; positive and negative affect with Subjective Cognitive Decline (SCD) among rural older adults; providing empirical evidence for formulating targeted strategies for the early intervention of cognitive decline in the rural older population.MethodsThis cross-sectional study recruited 485 valid participants from rural areas of Ningxia; China; using a stratified cluster sampling method. Key indicators were assessed with the subjective cognitive decline questionnaire; the positive and negative affect schedule; the sugar-sweetened beverage consumption questionnaire; and sociodemographic covariates. Data analysis included independent-samples t-test; analysis of variance; correlation analysis; and linear regression models with the PROCESS macro in SPSS for examining interaction effects.ResultsGender; education; and self-rated health were independent associated factors of SCD among rural older adults. Positive affect was negatively correlated with SCD (β = −0.238; P < 0.001); while negative affect was positively correlated with SCD (β = 0.377; P < 0.042). There was an interactive effect between SSB consumption and positive affect on SCD (β = 0.082; P = 0.012). Simple slope analysis showed that higher positive affect was associated with less severe SCD among no SSB consumers; whereas the protective effect of positive affect against SCD was significantly attenuated among SSB consumers. The joint effect analysis revealed that compared with the reference group (no SSB consumption + high positive affect/no SSB consumption + high negative affect): Participants in the no SSB consumption + low positive affect group had significantly higher SCD scores (β = 0.959; P < 0.001). Participants in the no SSB consumption + low negative affect group had significantly lower SCD scores (β = −0.778; P = 0.003). The SSB consumption + low negative affect group had the lowest SCD scores; with a highly significant reduction compared with the reference group (β = −0.936; P < 0.001).ConclusionThe inverse association of positive affect with SCD was significantly weakened among participants with SSB consumption. Regardless of SSB consumption; low negative affect corresponded to milder SCD; suggesting possible directions that require prospective confirmation.
Keywords:
rural older adults
negative affect
positive affect
subjective cognitive decline (SCD)
sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption
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