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The visual brain hypothesis
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DOI：10.1126/science.aek0212.png)
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Abstract
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Neuroscientists often talk about “the” brain, as if there is only one. But brains vary between species. Their structure and mechanisms are evolutionary adaptations that fit the behavior of animals to diverse ways of life. Despite the complexity of brains, perhaps the most obvious way in which they vary between species is in sheer size. Among mammals, for example, primates have big brains relative to their body size, and even within the primates there is much variation. The reasons for this variation have been debated for decades, yet there is still little consensus. On page 622, Kay et al. (1) suggest that one reason may have been literally staring us in the face.