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Thermogalvanic Sensor Array for Heat Flux Mapping and Radiative Sensing
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DOI：10.1021/acsaem.6c01130.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The Seebeck coefficients of thermogalvanic (ionic thermoelectric) materials are several orders of magnitude greater than those of conventional thermoelectrics, making them highly suitable for sensing applications besides power generation. In this study, a ferri-/ferrocyanide thermogalvanic gel with a Seebeck coefficient of 1.3 mV K−1 was used to fabricate a heat flux sensor with fivefold higher sensitivity than the commercial FHF05 sensor. This device detected a human finger at distances of up to 8 cm using thermal radiation, a capability particularly relevant to human safety in collaborative robot environments. Coupled radiation–natural convection simulations in COMSOL closely matched experimental data, validating the proposed sensing mechanism. The high Seebeck coefficient of the material enabled sensitive heat-flux transduction, extending its functionality beyond single-point detection to spatially resolved thermal mapping. Capitalizing on this advantage, 16 gels were integrated into a compact 3 cm-scale 4 × 4 sensor array. Upon human finger contact, the array generated a heat flux map capturing both the intensity and spatial distribution of the thermal input. Overall, this capability allows the identification of nonuniform heat flux and enhances radiation detection.
Keywords:
Fluxes
Heat transfer
Sensors
Thermodynamic properties
Thermoelectrics
Seebeck coefficient
ionic thermoelectric materials
thermogalvanic effect
IR radiative heat
heat flux mapping
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5.5
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1.1W
Citations:
4.5W
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