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Three-dimensional bioprinting in tendon/ ligament-bone interface regeneration: From design innovations to performance enhancement
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DOI：10.36922/IJB025410419.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The tendon/ligament-bone (T/L-B) interface represents a critical junction where tendons and ligaments anchor to bone and is characterized by a complex, graded structure. Pathological conditions caused by aging, lifestyle factors, or trauma can severely impair this interface, leading to functional deficits and a significant decline in quality of life. However, replicating the intricate structural and biological features of the nativeT/L-B interface remains a major challenge with conventional fabrication methods. In this context, three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting has emerged as a promising approach for tissue repair and regeneration. This review aims to summarize the application of 3D bioprinting technologies in the reconstruction of the T/L-B interface. The review first provides a brief overview of the biology of the T/L-B interface. It then examines recent innovations in 3D printing technologies, biomaterials, and gradient structure design applied to interface regeneration. The review also explores strategies for optimizing the mechanical performance and bioactivity of 3D-bioprinted scaffolds for T/L-B interface regeneration. Finally, it highlights current challenges and future directions for advancing 3D bioprinting in this field. This review provides new insights into the clinical translation of 3D-bioprinted T/L-B interface constructs and may inform the future development of next-generation orthopedic implants.
Keywords:
Gradient scaffold design
Tendon/ligament-bone interface
Three-dimensional bioprinting
Tissue engineering
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