.png){kind=icon}
Return
Time speaks operational efficiency: Future-Time-Reference approach
.png){kind=icon}
PRE
AI
DOI：10.1016/j.jairtraman.2026.103123.png)
.png){kind=icon}
Original request for help.png){kind=icon}
Share.png){kind=icon}
Save
Abstract
En 中文
How organizations view “time” shapes how they coordinate and utilize operational resources. This study examines how proactive temporal framing, treating future contingencies as requiring present preparation and coordination, is associated with more efficient operational resource utilization. This study uses linguistic future-time reference (FTR) as a language-based proxy for this framing: weak-FTR languages express future events in present-tense forms, making the future feel psychologically closer. Using global airline data from 1994 to 2012, this study finds that airlines in weak-FTR contexts show higher efficiency in resource utilization. This association is stronger when more codeshare partners also come from weak-FTR contexts, although the moderation evidence is context-dependent. The study reframes the trade-off between future orientation and efficiency around operations and identifies temporal alignment as a boundary condition under temporal complexity.
Keywords:
Proactive temporal framing
Operational efficiency
Future time reference (FTR)
Temporal complexity
Global airline industry
Journal
IF:
3.6
Papers:
2.4K
Citations:
5.6K
Organization
No organization information available
Cited Papers
No cited papers available