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Tourists' Tranquility Perceptions: Scale Development and Validation
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DOI：10.1002/jtr.70397.png)
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Abstract
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This paper develops and validates a scale of tourists' tranquility perceptions of a tourist destination following embodied cognitive theory. Through multiple qualitative and quantitative investigations of 1329 destination tourists, this study identified six dimensions totaling 29 items to measure the scale of tourists' tranquility perceptions: natural vision, cultural vision, environmental aesthetics, natural sound, natural touch, and natural scent. During the nomological validation, the study confirmed the significant impact of tourists' tranquility perceptions on their restorative outcomes. From a theoretical perspective, this research conceptualizes how tranquility is perceived and further enriches embodied cognition theory as applied to tranquility. Practically, the study utilizes sensory information to capture tourists' perception of tranquility, providing a measurement tool for destination management organizations to assess the actual manifestation of tranquility at tourist destinations.
Keywords:
embodied cognitive theory
sensory experience
tourism destination
tranquility perception
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