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Transcriptome of egg-parasitic fungus Trichoderma afroharzianum HDFT6 and its potential for biocontrol against Meloidogyne incognita
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DOI：10.1016/j.biocontrol.2026.106019.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is an important threat to Hami melon production in Hainan Island, causing huge economic losses to the agricultural industry. In this study, Trichoderma strains were isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Hami melon. Trichoderma strains with the ability to parasitize Meloidogyne incognita eggs were screened and identified. Strains HLST39 and HDFT6 exhibited the highest parasitism rates of 67.68% and 65.70%. Fungal hyphae were observed to specifically recognize nematode eggs and parasitize them by coiling around and penetrating the eggshell by scanning electron microscopy. Based on morphology and molecular biology, HLST39 and HDFT6 were identified as Trichoderma harzianum and T. afroharzianum, respectively. After 72 h, the corrected mortality rates for M. incognita and M. graminicola caused by strain HDFT6 were 65.09% and 70.92%, respectively. Strains HLST39 resulted in a reduction of egg hatching rates by 51.27% and 51.10% in M. incognita and M. graminicola, respectively, while strain HDFT6 caused reductions of 48.16% and 55.57%. In the greenhouse experiment, T. afroharzianum HDFT6 significantly reduced the number of root galls on Hami melon compared with the control, as well as the juveniles in rhizosphere soil. The number of egg masses decreased by 32.31%. Transcriptome analysis indicated that the interaction between T. afroharzianum HDFT6 and M. incognita eggs induced 925 differentially expressed genes of T. afroharzianum HDFT6. Upregulated chitinase genes (Echi2, Chit2, Chit37, Echi33, Echi42) along with genes for alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase (Abf1), beta-glucosidase (Bgla), and a subtilisin-like protease gene (Prb1), could potentially contribute to the parasitic process.
Keywords:
Trichoderma afroharzianum
Meloidogyne incognita
Hami melon
Egg-parasitism
Transcriptome
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