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TRANSFORMING INDUSTRIAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE AGE OF INDUSTRY 4.0: A DYNAMIC CAPABILITIES FRAMEWORK FOR STRATEGIC ADAPTATION IN MOROCCO
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DOI：10.17270/J.LOG.001363.png)
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Abstract
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Background: Moroccan industrial companies operate in an increasingly unstable environment in which Industry 4.0 technologies-such as the Internet of Things (IoT), artificial intelligence, and big data-represent powerful levers for strategic adaptation. The dynamic capabilities framework, based on sensing, seizing, and reconfiguring, provides a relevant lens for understanding how organizations sense signals of change, mobilize resources, and reconfigure processes to sustain competitive advantage. Methods: The study is based on a cross-sectional survey conducted among 276 Moroccan industrial companies from heavy and light industry as well as the construction sector. Data were analyzed using the PLS-SEM method with 5,000 bootstrap samples. The measurement model demonstrated strong reliability and validity (factor loadings approximate to 0.857-0.912; composite reliability approximate to 0.934-0.939; AVE approximate to 0.778-0.793; HTMT < 0.85). Results: The findings reveal robust relationships among the three dimensions of dynamic capabilities. Sensing strongly predicts seizing (beta = 0.917, p < 0.001), while seizing significantly influences reconfiguration (beta = 0.725, p < 0.001). Collectively, sensing (beta = 0.385), seizing (beta = 0.232), and reconfiguration (beta = 0.362) contribute significantly to the development of overall dynamic capabilities (all p < 0.001). The model exhibits high explanatory power for seizing (R-2 = 0.84), moderate explanatory power for reconfiguration (R-2 = 0.53), and moderate explanatory power for dynamic capabilities as a whole (R-2 approximate to 0.33). All six hypotheses are empirically supported, highlighting the role of environmental vigilance, the mobilization of smart technologies, and organizational reconfiguration in strengthening dynamic capabilities. Conclusions: This research demonstrates that Industry 4.0 (I4.0) technologies constitute concrete foundations for the development of dynamic capabilities in an emerging economy context. It advances a systemic model that links the detection of external signals, the use of intelligent technologies, and organizational responsiveness. By doing so, the study contributes to a deeper understanding of how I4.0 is integrated into organizational practices and offers an operational framework for managers to navigate highly uncertain environments.
Keywords:
dynamic capabilities
industry 4.0
strategic adaptation
digital transformation
industry
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