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Treatment of Pb(II) and Cd(II) Pollutants in Aqueous Solution Using RSM-Statistically Optimized Adsorption Over Fe3O4@mSiO2@Chitosan Magnetic Nanoadsorbents
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DOI：10.1002/mame.70242.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
In this study, magnetic Fe3O4 adsorbent was synthesized and functionalized with mesoporous silica-chitosan to create a multifunctional Fe3O4@mSiO2@Chitosan for the removal of heavy metal ions from aqueous solution through adsorption. Box-Behnken Design, an RSM tool, was used to create an experimental design for adsorption trials with 3 independent variables: pH of the solution, contact time, and concentration of metal ions. The mesoporous SiO2 shell, with a negative zeta potential of −42.2 mV, prevents aggregation and maintains a high surface area. Chitosan functionalization adds –NH2 and –OH groups to the adsorbent surface, providing strong chelation sites for Pb2+ and Cd2+. The positive zeta potential (+28.1 mV) of the chitosan coating enhances electrostatic attraction to partially hydrolyzed metal species. The optimized adsorption design for Fe3O4@mSiO2@Chitosan achieved 96% removal efficiency for Cd(II) and 95% removal efficiency for Pb(II). An isotherm study confirmed that the adsorption data were best described by the Langmuir isotherm model with R2 values ranging from 0.95 to 0.98. A shift from monolayer to multilayer adsorption was observed after functionalization of Fe3O4 with @mSiO2@Chitosan. An inert layer on silica-stabilized nanoparticles prevents their leaching and aggregation. The Fe3O4@mSiO2@chitosan adsorbent showed a 30% increase in adsorption capacity compared to pristine Fe3O4.
Keywords:
adsorption
chitosan
Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles
heavy metal ions
silica
statistical optimization
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