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Tunable multiferroic and magnetoelectric behaviour in IPN-PFPZT (PrFeO3)0.24–(PbTi0.48Zr0.52O3)0.76 polymer–ceramic composite
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DOI：10.1016/j.ceramint.2026.06.184.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Multiferroics materials have attracted considerable attention due to their enhanced multifunctional properties arising from strong interphase coupling. In this work, we present a systematic investigation of the structural, microstructural, ferroelectric, magnetic, barrier, magnetodielectric, and magnetoelectric properties of an interpenetrating polymer network composed of polyurethane and methyl methacrylate (MMA), incorporated with (PrFeO3)0.24–(PbTi0.48Zr0.52O3)0.76. X-ray diffraction analysis confirms the formation of a perovskite structure, while FESEM micrographs reveal a well-connected interpenetrating network morphology that promotes efficient mechanical and electrical coupling. Room-temperature M–H measurements show enhanced magnetic behaviour with increasing PFPZT loading, with remanent magnetization increasing from 0.004 to 0.012 emu/g for 20–40 wt% composites. The frequency-dependent P–E hysteresis loops was observed, where the remanent polarization (Pr) values at 10 Hz were approximately 0.071, 0.0431, and 0.004 μC/cm2 for 20, 30, and 40 wt% composites, respectively, while at 20 Hz the corresponding Pr values decreased to 0.007, 0.011, and 0.005 μC/cm2 with coercive fields (Ec) of 6.98, 6.76, and 5.31 kV/cm. A clear magnetodielectric response is observed, with the dielectric permittivity exhibiting a change of approximately 52.24% for the 40 wt%, sample, confirming magnetodielectric behaviour in the IPN system. Furthermore, the magnetoelectric effect is obtained at room temperature, with a maximum magnetoelectric coefficient of 14.83 mV cm−1 Oe−1 under an optimal bias magnetic field of 800 Oe observed for 30 wt%, arising from strain-mediated coupling between the magnetic and ferroelectric subsystems. This behaviour is attributed to the fact that the magnetoelectric response originates due to optimal strain-mediated coupling between the constituent phases, while the magnetodielectric effect is owing to increased magnetic phase content and enhanced interfacial polarization.
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