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User-oriented planning for UAM in Seoul: a spatial approach using latent class analysis and location quotient analysis based on travel purpose
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AI
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D
DOI：10.1080/12265934.2026.2657603.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Seoul is actively considering the introduction of UAM; however, the plans thus far have been developed using a top-down, supplier-centred approach. Since UAM services are still in their early stages, with limited experience, and individual environments and preferences vary, it is essential to develop plans from the users’ perspective. In this study, latent class analysis (LCA) was performed based on the benefits and sacrifices variables from the value-based adoption model (VAM). Then, using location quotient (LQ) analysis, areas in Seoul with high acceptance tendencies and the characteristics of the groups most concentrated in those areas were identified. The analysis revealed that, for Airport Access Trips, individuals in their 20s and long-distance car users exhibited positive responses to UAM, whereas for Commuting Trips, highly educated, high-income individuals in their 30s and long-distance users showed positive attitudes towards UAM services. These groups are characterized by a high understanding and adaptability to new technologies, a preference for convenience and comfort during travel and relatively low sensitivity to fare burdens for repetitive trips. The southeastern and southwestern regions of Seoul were identified as areas with high user specialization, which coincided with the locations of vertiports in the pilot route plans. However, additional consideration for the northeastern region, which lacks public transportation infrastructure, is suggested for mid- to long-term planning.
User-centred planning is needed for urban air mobility in Seoul.
Young adults and long-distance drivers showed stronger preferences for airport access trips.
High-income commuters in their 30s showed strong potential for adoption.
Perceived benefits and risks helped identify distinct urban air mobility user groups.
The identified high-acceptance areas largely matched the pilot sites, while highlighting the need for further review of areas with limited public transportation.
Keywords:
UAM
VAM
Travel purpose
LCA
LQ
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