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Using Lightning-Generated Whistlers for Lightning Location
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DOI：10.1109/lgrs.2026.3708922.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Very low frequency (VLF) signals emitted by lightning can penetrate the ionosphere and propagate as whistlers in the ionosphere and magnetosphere, where they can be detected by satellites. This letter proposes a space–ground joint lightning location method based on satellite-observed whistlers and ground-based VLF detection. By accurately modeling the propagation of lightning-generated whistlers (LGWs) in the ionosphere, the initial spatiotemporal parameters of the LGWs are derived. These parameters, combined with ground-based VLF measurements, are then utilized as inputs to a time-difference-of-arrival algorithm to achieve coordinated location of lightning sources. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated using two representative lightning events occurring during daytime and nighttime, achieving location accuracies of 1290 and 746 m, respectively. Furthermore, statistical analysis of multiple lightning events shows that the method achieves a mean error of 2210 m and a standard deviation of 1320 m, demonstrating its accuracy and stability. The proposed method provides a technical basis for monitoring lightning activity in regions lacking ground-based observations, such as remote oceans and distant regions.
Keywords:
Geolocation
ionosphere
remote sensing
very low frequency (VLF) propagation
Journal
I
IF:
4.4
Papers:
585
Citations:
0