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Using multi-audio feature fusion for android malware detection
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AI
DOI：10.1016/j.cose.2023.103282.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Detecting mobile Android malware is still a challenge, despite the numerous research efforts. This paper presents a static detection approach that employs music information retrieval techniques. Detection based on a single, or a few, acoustic features suffer from reduction in classification accuracy, due to the use of limited 'views'. In this paper, we propose a multi-audio feature-fusion approach, which merges audio features of heterogeneous views in order to detect Android malware. Sixty-three standard audio signal processing features and thirty-nine biologically inspired audio features were extracted, after converting the Android application package files into waveform audio files. The biologically inspired features were derived from Mel-Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (MFCC), Gammatone Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (GFCC), and Bark Frequency Cepstral Coefficients (BFCC). Experimental results show that the proposed audio-based malware detection features are effective and need to be further studied. Using the traditional eXtreme Gradient Boosting machine learning algorithm on the CICMaldroid 2020 dataset, the proposed approach achieved accuracy, recall, f1-score, and AUC scores of 98.96%, 99.65%, 99.30% and 98.14% respectively. An average-precision (AP) score of 100% was also achieved.& COPY; 2023 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Keywords:
Android malware
GFCC
BFCC
MFCC
Malware detection
Machine learning
Audio-based