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Valorization of shell waste as a nature-based soil amendment for stabilization of heavy metals in agricultural soils: Toward safe agricultural recultivation
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DOI：10.1016/j.envres.2026.125465.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
• Calcined shell waste reduced leachable Pb and Zn by over 97% at 2 wt%. • Sequential extraction showed that Pb and Zn were transferred from mobile to more stable fractions. • Pozzolanic C–S–H phases immobilized Pb and Zn into thermodynamically stable forms. • Shell-based stabilization impaired soil health due to elevated pH and salinity stress. • A combined stabilization–capping strategy ensured crop safety and enabled agricultural reuse.
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7.7
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2.0W
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9.0W
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