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WARBERT: A Hierarchical BERT-Based Model for Web API Recommendation
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AI
DOI：10.1109/tsc.2026.3688576.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
With the rise of Web 2.0 and microservices, the increasing availability of Web APIs has intensified the need for effective recommendation systems. Existing approaches are generally categorized into two methods: recommendation-type methods, which classify APIs using labels, and match-type methods, which retrieve APIs through matching with mashups. However, three significant challenges remain: 1) semantic ambiguities in comparing API and mashup descriptions, 2) a lack of progressive semantic refinement between the mashup requirements and the individual API descriptions, and 3) computational inefficiency of exhaustive mashup-API comparisons in large-scale repositories. To tackle these challenges, we propose WARBERT, a hierarchical model based on BERT for Web API recommendation. WARBERT utilizes dual-component feature fusion and attention mechanisms to create accurate semantic representations. It consists of WARBERT(R) for initial candidate filtering using recommendation methods, and WARBERT(M), which focuses on refined similarity matching. The final likelihood of an API-mashup pairing combines predictions from both components, with WARBERT(R) further enhanced by an auxiliary task of predicting mashup categories. Experiments conducted on the ProgrammableWeb dataset demonstrate that WARBERT outperforms existing baselines, achieving notable improvements in both accuracy and efficiency.
Keywords:
Web API recommendation
mashup
BERT
hierarchical architecture
dual-component feature fusion
attention comparison
deep learning
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