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Water-Driven Solid Electrolyte Interphase Governs Continuous-Flow Ammonia Electrosynthesis
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DOI：10.61558/2993-074X.3605.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
Flow-cell architectures have emerged as a powerful platform for continuous and stable lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction (Li-NRR), enabling ambient-condition electrochemical ammonia synthesis and offering a promising alternative to Haber-Bosch processes. However, Li-NRR is exceptionally sensitive to trace water, and even minor variations in water content can profoundly alter interfacial chemistry. Here, we systematically investigate how initial water concentration affects Li-NRR performance in a continuous-flow cell. Excess water drives the formation of a thick solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) layer, which may impede nitrogen access to metallic lithium and hinder lithium-ion transport. As a result, the ammonia Faradaic efficiency collapses from similar to 61% to similar to 3%. These findings reveal the decisive, previously underappreciated role of water in governing SEI evolution and highlight the necessity of precise water control for achieving stable, high-efficiency continuous-flow Li-NRR.
Keywords:
Water
Solid electrolyte interphase
Continuous-flow cell
Lithium-mediated nitrogen reduction
Ammonia synthesis
Journal
J
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Papers:
11
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