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When does perceptual organization happen?
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DOI：10.1016/j.cortex.2024.02.007.png)
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Abstract
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Reflectional (mirror) symmetry is an important visual cue for perceptual organization. The brain processes symmetry rapidly and efficiently. Previous work suggests that symmetry activates the extrastriate cortex and generates an event related potential (ERP) called the Sustained Posterior Negativity (SPN). It has been claimed that no tasks completely block symmetry processing and abolish the SPN. We tested the limits of this claim with a series of eight new Electroencephalography (EEG) experiments (344 participants in total). All experiments used the same symmetrical or asymmetrical dot patterns. When participants attended to regularity in Experiment 1, there was a substantial SPN (Mean amplitude = -2.423 mu V). The SPN was reduced, but not abolished, when participants discriminated dot luminance in Experiments 2 and 3 (-.835 and -1.410 mu V) or the aspect ratio of a superimposed cross in Experiments 4 and 5 (-.722 and -.601 mu V). The SPN also survived when the background pattern was potentially disruptive to the primary task in Experiment 6 (-1.358 mu V) and when participants classified negative superimposed words in Experiment 7 (-.510 mu V). Finally, the SPN remained when participants attended to the orientation of a diagonal line in Experiment 8 (-.589 mu V). While task manipulations can turn down the extrastriate symmetry activation, they cannot render the system completely unresponsive. Permanent readiness to detect reflectional symmetry at the centre of the visual field could be an evolved adaptation. (c) 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Keywords:
Symmetry
Reflection
Sustained Posterior Negativity
EEG
ERP
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