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Layered Jamming Multifunctional Actuators
DOI:10.1007/978-3-319-95510-0_19.png)
摘要
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Recent advances in additive manufacturing have enabled the realization of concepts in layered materials that were not previously viable. We have created a layered manufacturing process using robots to fabricate actuators using prefabricated materials, e.g. solar cells and batteries. This has allowed us to design and fabricate multifunctional structures that can encompass new capabilities for applications, such as pneumatic actuators for robotics. One way to enhance the functionality of these actuators is to use layers that are not fused together to create variable stiffness components when a vacuum is drawn. Studying the mechanics of these components is important in understanding how to configure the layers of the jamming multifunctional actuators. We have prototyped and characterized the mechanics of a layered jamming multifunctional actuator to model the effects of layering on the multifunctional performance of these new actuation materials. The proposed model is for a soft actuator with opposing jamming layers, and the predictions of actuation performance were found to be consistent with measurements from the prototype structures. Three different types of composite jamming materials were investigated, consisting of polyurethane rubber, silicone, or paper with paper. It was found that the order of magnitude difference in the stiffness of the polyurethane rubber and silicone with paper reduced the predicted curvature of the more compliant material under transverse load by approximately 50%, which increases the shear strain between the stiffer materials due to the reduced shear stiffness of the more compliant material. Two prototype actuation structures were fabricated: (1) a programmable array of layered jamming actuators to control the 3D shape of a flexible solar cell for energy harvesting, and (2) a multi-mode actuator capable of bending and extensional deformations. We have also demonstrated the viability of these actuators on a robotic platform known as ArmadilloBot that is capable of walking, and then morphing into a rolled-up structure, just like a real Armadillo.
Keyword:
Multifunctional materials
Soft actuators
Layered jamming
Robotics
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