The Bacterial Cell Envelope

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a000414

The Bacterial Cell Envelope

2010-04-14

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DOI：10.1101/cshperspect.a000414

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The bacteria cell envelope is a complex multilayered structure that serves to protect these organisms from their unpredictable and often hostile environment. The cell envelopes of most bacteria fall into one of two major groups. Gram-negative bacteria are surrounded by a thin peptidoglycan cell wall, which itself is surrounded by an outer membrane containing lipopolysaccharide. Gram-positive bacteria lack an outer membrane but are surrounded by layers of peptidoglycan many times thicker than is found in the Gram-negatives. Threading through these layers of peptidoglycan are long anionic polymers, called teichoic acids. The composition and organization of these envelope layers and recent insights into the mechanisms of cell envelope assembly are discussed.

Keyword:

GRAM-POSITIVE BACTERIA

OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEINS

PENICILLIN-BINDING PROTEINS

ESCHERICHIA-COLI

STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS

SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM

SURFACE-PROTEINS

TEICHOIC-ACIDS

CYTOPLASMIC MEMBRANE

CHAPERONE ACTIVITY

The Bacterial Cell Envelope

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