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Ageing with HIV-1: immunological challenges for effective vaccination
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DOI：10.1186/s12979-025-00544-6.png)
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Abstract
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People living with HIV-1 (PLWH) are a population at higher risk for communicable disease and therefore a target group for vaccination. Owing to the success of anti-retroviral therapy, PLWH live longer, but face new challenges related to ageing, which add to their underlying immunodeficiencies. We review here the immune dysregulations occurring with chronic HIV-1 infection and ageing in the era of antiretroviral therapy, focusing on cellular mechanisms that can explain the lower immune response to most vaccines in older treated PLWH, and we discuss potential developments to improve vaccination strategies in this specific population.
Keywords:
Vaccination
Ageing
People living with HIV
Antiretroviral therapy
Vaccine immunogenicity
Adjuvant
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