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Contact-Aware Diffusion Sampling for RRT-Based Manipulation
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DOI：10.3390/electronics14244837.png)
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Abstract
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Rapidly exploring Random Trees (RRT) provide probabilistic completeness but often explore inefficiently in high-DOF manipulation tasks. We address this by proposing a contact-aware, two-level planner that couples a learned toggle–subgoal predictor with a conditional diffusion sampler in joint space under a completeness-preserving mixture with uniform sampling. An upper ResNet-based network predicts task-relevant milestones from RGB images: grasp/release “toggle” configurations and intermediate joint-space subgoals that serve as phase-wise, receding-horizon targets between consecutive contact events. Conditioned on these predictions and the current state, a lower-level diffusion model samples tree-extension segments—joint-space directions and step lengths—instead of absolute configurations. These proposals act as a drop-in replacement for uniform sampling in standard RRT/RRT-Connect, while a nonzero fraction of uniform samples preserves probabilistic completeness. By biasing growth toward contact-relevant regions, the planner concentrates the search near feasible approach manifolds without altering nearest-neighbor, steering, or collision-checking primitives. In mug pick-and-place simulations, the proposed method achieves higher success rates than diffusion and other sequence-based policies trained by imitation learning, and requires fewer RRT expansions than uniform and goal-biased RRT as well as prior learning-guided samplers based on CVAE and conditional GAN, under identical collision checking and iteration limits.
Keywords:
sampling-based motion planning
RRT
conditional diffusion
contact-aware manipulation
learning-guided planning
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