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Coopetition: cooperation with competitors and R&D investments
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DOI：10.1080/14778238.2026.2664218.png)
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Abstract
En 中文
The literature shows that cooperation with competitors (i.e. coopetition) is important for firms’ innovation output. However, it remains unclear whether and to what extent coopetition influences firms’ investments in research and development (R&D). We examine the effect of coopetition on firms’ R&D investments, focusing specifically on the tension between knowledge acquisition and misappropriation in coopetition. Drawing on transaction costs theory and a longitudinal dataset of Chinese pharmaceutical firms over a ten-year period (2013–2022), we find a U-shaped relationship between coopetition and firms’ R&D investments. Furthermore, the results indicate that the U-shape is significantly steepened by regional intellectual property rights protection but flattened by economic policy uncertainty. Our findings contribute to understanding the effect of coopetition on firms’ R&D decisions and demonstrate that the effect can be leveraged by considering the subnational intellectual property rights protection and macroeconomic policies.
Keywords:
Coopetition
cooperation
competition
R&D investments
regional intellectual property rights protection
economic policy uncertainty
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